• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for producing a contact pin for high-voltage circuit breaker with a sheath 5b made of copper, which is closed at one end by an end wall 5a made of copper, with a fixed core 15, which is inserted from the end wall 5a in the shell 5b supporting and made of a material having a lower density than copper, and having a contact tip 12 fixed externally to the end wall 5a and made of a copper or silver containing composite resistant to the action of electric arcs generated during arcuate Switching the high-voltage circuit breaker occur, more resistant than copper.
    公开号:CH707639B1
    申请号:CH00932/14
    申请日:2012-12-17
    公开日:2017-03-15
    发明作者:Moog Dirk；Kretz Willy
    申请人:Doduco Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    It is known to use in high-voltage circuit breakers electrical contact arrangements, which consist of a tubular contact piece and a contact pin, which makes contact with one end of the tubular contact piece when the switch is closed. In a high-voltage circuit breaker, it is important that the switching operations are carried out quickly so that an arc that arises between the tubular contact piece and the contact pin as soon as possible breaks when opening the switch and when closing the switch as soon as possible by the impact of the contact pin the opposite contact piece is deleted.
    It is known to produce the contact pin from a pin made of copper and to provide this with a contact tip of a copper-tungsten composite material to keep the occurring under arc burning of the contact tip low.
    The speed at which a high-voltage circuit breaker can be opened and closed is limited on the one hand by the inertial mass of the pin to be accelerated and on the other by the boundary condition that the high-voltage circuit breaker should switch bounce-free. The larger the inertial mass of the contact pin to be accelerated, the more complex the drive for the contact pin.
    In order to achieve short switching times, it is known to reduce the mass of the contact pin by forming the copper pin hollow. Because copper is a relatively soft metal, the mass of the copper pin can not be reduced as much by a hollow design, as you would like, because the contact pin would not otherwise withstand the mechanical stresses that occur during the switching process.
    To remedy this disadvantage, it is known to produce a hollow copper pin made of a hardened copper alloy. However, this is a major disadvantage. Even small amounts of hardening alloy constituents in the copper lead namely to a drastic reduction of the electrical conductivity compared to the electrical conductivity of pure copper. Therefore, when using a hardened copper alloy, the cross section of the contact pin must be increased to achieve the same current carrying capacity as a contact pin made of pure copper.
    Furthermore, it is known to use as a carrier for the contact tip instead of a pin made of copper, a hollow contact pin made of steel. However, in this case too, there is the disadvantage that the electrical conductivity of steel is much smaller than that of copper.
    From DE 10 2006 016 723 A1 discloses a contact pin having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known, which is produced by a complex process.
    The present invention has for its object to show a way how can be reduced in high-voltage circuit breakers in the simplest possible way the cost of driving the movable contact pin.
    According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a contact pin for high-voltage circuit breaker having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. The use of a contact pin produced by the method according to the invention in a high-voltage circuit breaker is the subject matter of claim 10.
    The contact pin for high voltage circuit breaker is formed with a sheath of copper, which is closed at one end by an end wall made of copper, with a solid core, which is based on the end wall in the jacket, it supports and made of a material which has a lower density than copper and with a contact tip which is externally attached to the end wall and made of a copper or silver containing composite, which is more resistant to the action of arcs, which occur when switching the high voltage circuit breaker as copper. It is made by<tb> (a) <SEP> filling the material for the core into a blind hole coaxially arranged in a straight cylinder of copper,<tb> (b) <SEP> reducing the cross-section of the cylinder over most of its length by extrusion,<tb> (c) <SEP> Attach a contact tip to the end wall of the cylinder by welding or brazing.
    This has significant advantages:The solid core, which fills the shell starting from the end wall, gives the contact pin a strength which is similar to the strength of a corresponding contact pin which, except for the contact tip, is solid copper. Due to the lower density of the core, however, the mass of the contact pin, compared to a corresponding contact pin, which, apart from the contact tip, consists of pure copper, significantly reduced.Due to the lower mass of the movable contact pin, the performance of the drive required for it can be reduced. This is a reduction of effort goes hand in hand, which must be operated for the realization of the drive.The fact that the copper jacket is supported from the inside by the core, it can have a particularly small wall thickness, which is limited only by the required current carrying capacity. The required for a particular high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical strength of the contact pin is not critical to the design of the wall thickness of his existing copper shell.Because the copper sheath is terminated at one end by a copper end wall, the contact tip, regardless of the material selected for the core, can be fully bonded to the copper end wall by welding or brazing.The inventive pin allows a simple and inexpensive way to shorten the duration of the switching operation of high-voltage circuit breakers.Preferably, the end of the copper sheath facing away from the contact tip projects beyond the core and an overhanging section of the sheath is designed as a connection device for an electrical supply line. This ensures that the required electrical supply line ends directly at the protruding portion of the jacket made of copper, so that a low contact resistance is ensured.
    By a method according to the characterizing part of claim 1, such a contact pin can be made simple and inexpensive, when the material for the core is filled in a blind hole, which is arranged coaxially in a straight cylinder made of copper. Thereafter, the cross-section of the cylinder is reduced over a majority of its length by extrusion, in particular by forward extrusion, and then a contact tip made of a copper or silver containing composite which is more resistant to the action of switching arcs than copper, by welding or brazing attached the copper existing end wall of the formed by the extrusion molding cylinder. At the end of the cylinder facing away from the contact tip, a connection device for an electrical supply line is preferably formed after or before the attachment of the contact tip.
    This also has significant advantages:The fact that the cross-section of the copper cylinder over a majority of its length is reduced by extrusion, in particular by forward extrusion, creates a strong bond between the cylinder jacket and the filled material, which has a lower density than copper.The material for the core can be introduced not only as a solid whose dimensions are adapted to the blind hole in the copper cylinder in the blind hole, but also as bulk material, because this can be compressed by the extrusion so that a solid bond between the core material and the copper cladding.The forming of the copper cylinder filled with the core material by extrusion produces no copper waste. After the extrusion, a small amount of reworking is still required on the molded part formed by the extrusion, e.g. smoothing the surface and / or removing a passivating capping layer on the end wall of copper to prepare it for attachment of the contact tip, and optionally forming an electrical lead termination device. The latter can be done simply by cutting an internal thread into an end of the copper sheath projecting beyond the core, into which an electrical supply line provided with an external thread or a coupling part of an electrical supply line can be turned.Due to the fact that the copper cylinder filled with the core material is not reshaped by extrusion over a full length but only over a predominant part of its length, a section of the jacket projecting beyond the core preferably remains at a greater wall thickness than at the end of the copper cylinder the extrusion molded section. Into the thicker-walled, preferably overhanging portion of the shell, a female thread can be easily cut and a portion of the copper can be milled off the outer periphery of the thicker walled portion to form two flat, mutually parallel surfaces which provide a wrench attachment.The extrusion can be carried out inexpensively at room temperature.
    For the core, a material with a density less than 5 g / cm 3 is preferably selected. In this area fall the light metals, of which especially aluminum with a density of 2.7 g / cm 3, titanium with a density of 4.51 g / cm 3, magnesium with a density of 1.74 g / cm <3> and their alloys come into consideration. Particular preference is given to materials having a density of less than 3 g / cm 3, ie not more than one third of the density of copper. This makes it possible to achieve a mass for a solid contact pin according to the invention, which is substantially smaller than when using a pin which consists of pure copper.
    The use of a light metal or a light metal alloy for the core has the further advantage that it can contribute to the power line. Although light metals such as aluminum and titanium coat easily with an oxide skin, which makes the passage of electricity from copper to the light metal, however, when the core is deformed together with the surrounding copper shell, as is the case with the extrusion, the oxide skin on the core rupture and the core, at least in places, cold welded to the copper sheath, so that a current transition from the copper sheath into the core and vice versa from the core into the copper sheath is readily possible. This is an advantage of the use of flow-molding for the production of the solid composite between the copper jacket and a core of a light metal.
    However, the core need not be made of a metal but may be e.g. also consist of a metal oxide or of a metalloid. As metal oxides are mainly alumina and magnesium oxide in question, as metalloid, for example. Graphite. The metal oxides or metalloids can be introduced as a preformed body or as a powder in the blind hole of the copper cylinder. If a metal oxide or a metalloid is introduced as a powder, this is compacted by extrusion of the filled copper cylinder and forms a composite body with the flow-pressed copper cylinder.
    Another possibility is to provide a ceramic core, in particular a core of a ceramic foam. The latter has the advantage that it combines a particularly low density with a high strength.
    Finally, it is also possible to provide a core of a plastic. Preferably, it should be a crosslinked plastic, e.g. an epoxy resin or a silicone resin. The plastic is preferably only then filled into the initially hollow contact pin when the cavity has already its final shape. Conveniently, the constituents of the plastic are mixed together and then poured immediately into the cavity of the contact pin to then set in it, i. to network.
    In principle, a contact pin could also be prepared so that first a copper tube with a core whose density is smaller than the density of copper, made in appropriate length and formed by extrusion. This copper tube can then be closed at one end with a copper disc by welding or brazing it to the end of the copper tube. Preferably, the copper disc is formed as a stepped lid, which dips a little way into the copper tube until it abuts the edge of the copper tube. For this to be possible, an appropriate amount of the core material is previously removed from the copper tube. A contact tip made of a material which has a greater erosion resistance than copper can be welded onto the cover beforehand or subsequently, preferably subsequently. At the opposite end of the copper tube, a cap of copper may be fixed by welding or soldering, which may be equipped with a connection device for an electrical supply line. It is more favorable, however, to use the method according to claim 9.
    The blind hole, in which the material is to be filled for the core can be milled in the straight cylinder of copper. Preferably, the blind hole in the cylinder is already produced by extrusion, preferably by backward extrusion. This has the advantage that no copper waste is produced during the manufacture of the blind hole. Also in this case, the extrusion is preferably carried out at room temperature.
    If a straight circular cylinder is selected as the cylinder, a cylindrical blind hole is expediently formed therein as well.
    The composite from which the contact tip is formed is conveniently selected from the group consisting of copper-tungsten, silver-tungsten, silver-tungsten-carbide and silver-molybdenum, with copper-tungsten being preferred, e.g. a composite of copper with 60 wt% to 85 wt% tungsten.
    In view of the fact that at the rear end of the contact pin expediently a connection device for an electrical supply line is to be formed, it is preferred that the lying on the core portion of the copper jacket has a smaller wall thickness than the end wall and as the protruding portion of copper cladding. Preferably, the wall thickness of the lying on the core portion of the shell is only 1 mm to 2 mm, in particular only about 1 mm.
    A preferred embodiment for the production of a contact pin according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings.<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> shows an oblique view of a solid, circular cylindrical copper cylinder, from which the method for producing the contact pin emanates.<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> shows the forming of the copper cylinder by backward extrusion.<Tb> FIG. Fig. 3 shows a cylindrical cup formed by the backward extrusion, in which a light metal cylinder is inserted.<Tb> FIG. Fig. 4 shows the forming of the cup shown in Fig. 3 by forward extrusion.<Tb> FIG. 5 shows in a side view the contact pin blank produced by the forward extrusion according to FIG. 4, to the front end wall of which a contact tip is welded.<Tb> FIG. 6 <SEP> shows a longitudinal section through the finished contact pin.<Tb> FIG. 7 <SEP> shows the finished contact pin in a side view.
    A copper cylinder 1 is inserted into a die 2 with a cylindrical cavity 3 and formed by a punch 4, which has a smaller diameter than the copper cylinder 1, by backward extrusion to an elongated cylindrical cup 5, see Fig. 2nd In this cup 5, a light metal cylinder 6 is inserted, whose outer diameter substantially coincides with the inner diameter of the cup 5 and whose length is shorter than the inside measured length of the cup 5, so that the jacket 5b of the cup 5 a piece far beyond the end 6a the light metal cylinder 6 protrudes, see Fig. 3rd
    The cup 5 prepared in this way is introduced into a pressing tool 7 which has a passage 8 with a reduced tool opening 9 through which a punch 10 presses the cup 5, which contains the light metal cylinder 6, over part of its length, see Fig. 4. This forward extrusion produces a contact pin blank 11 which has retained its original diameter in its rear portion 11a and which has a smaller diameter determined by the reduced tool opening 9 in its front portion 11b. The backward extrusion and the forward extrusion are preferably cold, i. at room temperature.
    The copper jacket 5b of the blank 11 is open at the rear end and closed at the front end by an end wall 5a, which is formed from the bottom of the cup 5.
    At this contact pin blank 11, a contact tip 12 is now soldered, which preferably consists of a copper-tungsten composite material, see Fig. 5, in which the soldering is symbolically indicated by a soldering tool 14.
    In a final step, an internal thread 13 is cut into this contact pin blank 11 from the rear, after necessary, the rear end of the contact pin blank 11 has been drilled a bit far, see Fig. 6th In the internal thread 13, a provided with a corresponding external thread electrical connection line can be rotated.
    reference numerals
    [0030]<Tb> 1 <September> copper cylinder<Tb> 2 <September> die<tb> 3 <SEP> cylindrical cavity<Tb> 4 <September> stamp<Tb> 5 <September> bowl<Tb> 5 <September> end wall<Tb> 5b <September> copper jacket<Tb> 6 <September> Alloy Cylinder<Tb> 7 <September> die<Tb> 8 <September> Continuity<Tb> 9 <September> tool opening<Tb> 10 <September> stamp<Tb> 11 <September> pin blank<tb> 11a <SEP> rear section<tb> 11b <SEP> front section<Tb> 12 <September> contact tip<tb> 13 <SEP> Connection device, internal thread<Tb> 14 <September> soldering tool<tb> 15 <SEP> solid core
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A method of manufacturing a contact pin for high voltage circuit breakers comprising a sheath (5b) of copper terminated at one end by an end wall (5a) of copper,with a solid core (15) which, starting from the end wall (5a), is inserted in the shell (5b), supports it and consists of a material which has a lower density than copper,and a contact tip (12) externally attached to the end wall (5a) and made of a copper or silver containing composite which is more resistant to the action of arcs occurring upon switching of the high voltage circuit breaker than copper through the following steps:(a) filling the material for the core into a blind hole which is arranged coaxially in a straight cylinder made of copper,(b) reducing the cross section of the cylinder over a majority of its length by extrusion, in particular by forward extrusion,(c) attaching the contact tip to the end wall of the cylinder by welding or brazing.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a connection device for an electrical supply line at the end remote from the contact tip of the cylinder between steps (b) and (c) or after step (c) is formed.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the core (15) a material is selected with a density which is less than 5 g / cm 3, in particular less than 3 g / cm 3.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the core (15) in the jacket (5b) pressed and / or at least in places with the jacket (5b) is cold-welded.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combination of jacket (5b) and end wall (5a) is integrally formed.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact pin at its end wall (5a) facing away from the end of a connecting device (13) and that the combination of the jacket (5b), the end wall (5a) and the connection device ( 13) is integrally formed.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material, from which the contact tip (12) is formed, from the group of materials copper-tungsten, silver-tungsten, silver-tungsten-carbide and silver-molybdenum is selected with copper-tungsten being preferred.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of the core (15) forming material is selected so that the contact tip (12) facing away from the end of the shell (5b) projects beyond the core (15) and a projecting portion of the jacket (5b) is formed as a connection device (13) for an electrical supply line.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the connection device (13) for an electrical supply line in the protruding portion of the jacket (5b) is formed with an internal thread.
    [10]
    10. Use of a contact pin produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 9 in a high-voltage circuit breaker with a contact arrangement, which has a tubular contact piece and a movable contact pin, and with a drive which for closing the circuit breaker, the contact pin in contact with brings the contact piece and separates the contact pin for opening the circuit breaker from the contact piece.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013092530A3|2013-08-15|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2030944A5|1969-06-07|1970-11-13|Bosch|
    EP0205897B1|1985-06-24|1991-10-16|BBC Brown Boveri AG|Arcing contact piece and process for manufacturing such a piece or the like|
    DE4119298A1|1991-06-12|1992-12-17|Bosch Gmbh Robert|CONTACT BOLT WITH CONTACT PLATE MADE OF PRECIOUS METAL|
    DE19837945A1|1998-08-21|2000-02-24|Asea Brown Boveri|Circuit arrangement and method for its manufacture|
    DE102006016723A1|2006-04-04|2007-10-11|Siemens Ag|Arcing contact pin|
    DE102007040171A1|2007-08-22|2009-02-26|Siemens Ag|Contact lever for circuit-breaker of circuit-breaker arrangement, has composite material with one material arranged between side surfaces of another material, where latter material includes higher conductivity and higher density|
    DE102008060971B3|2008-12-06|2010-07-08|Ami Doduco Gmbh|Contact part for high voltage switch|DE102013106727B4|2013-06-26|2015-08-06|Doduco Gmbh|Contact pin for high-voltage circuit breaker, method for its manufacture and high-voltage circuit breaker with such a contact pin|
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    法律状态:
    2015-12-31| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    2016-01-15| AERF| Reactivation after erroneous deletion|Free format text: DIE ZURUECKWEISUNG ERFOLGTE IRRTUEMLICH |
    2017-12-29| PFA| Name/firm changed|Owner name: DODUCO CONTACTS AND REFINING GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DODUCO GMBH, DE |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102011056840|2011-12-21|
    DE102012101222A|DE102012101222A1|2011-12-21|2012-02-15|Contact pin for high-voltage circuit breaker and high-voltage circuit breaker with such a contact pin|
    PCT/EP2012/075860|WO2013092530A2|2011-12-21|2012-12-17|Contact pin for high-voltage circuit breakers and high-voltage circuit breaker with such a contact pin|
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